Jainism, Buddhism MCQ Questions

The primary cause for the rise of Jainism and Buddhism was the religious unrest in India in the 6^th century B.C. The complex rituals and sacrifices advocated in the Later Vedic period were not acceptable to the common people. The sacrificial ceremonies were also found to be too expensive.

Buddhism

• Birth: 563 BC. Lumbini, Nepal.
• Death: 487 BC. Kushinagar, U.P.
• Mother: Mahamaya.
• Father: Suddhodanana (Shakyas clan).
• Wife: Yashodhara.
• Son: Rahula.
• Horse: Kantaka.

Four Great Truths

• The World is full of sorrow and misery.
• The cause of all pain and misery is desire
• Pain and misery can be ended by controlling the desire.
• Desire can be controlled by following the eight-fold path.

Ashtang Marg

Faith, ThoughtAction

Right Means of Livelihood

Right exertion of efforts

Speech

Remembrance

Concentration or Meditation

MCQ TEST

1.Where did Lord Buddha died?

(A) Rajgir (B) Bodh Gaya (C) Sarnath (D) Kushinagar.

2. Ashok get peace after Kalinga war, converting him by :

a) Jainism b) Buddhism c) Christianity d) Judaism

3. A place in Tamil Nadu where you can see Jain sculptures _______

A) Girnar       B) Kazhugumalai    C) Hathigumba      D) none

4. Which of the following languages were patronised by the Jainas to preach their doctrines?

A)  Prakrit     B). Sanskrit   C). Dravidian     D) Pali

5. Sallekhana is a religious practice in__________.

A). Hinduism     B) Shikhism    C) . Islam     D) Jainism

6. Jain monastic establishments or shrines and temples are called:

A)  Basadi     B). Chaitya   C) . Mandir    D). Tirth

7. In Jainism ‘tirthankaras’ mean:

A). God and the Supreme Being

B). Those who guide men and women across the river of existence.

C). Conqueror of everything

D). Those who know the ultimate truth and ultimate reality

8. Under the bank of which river Mahavira got enlightenment ?

A)  Ravi    B)  Rijupalika    C). Saraswati     D) Krishna

9. Which of the following are the holy books of Jainism ?

A). 12 Angas       B). 14 Angas   C). 16 Angas       D). 18 Angas

10. Where the last sermon was delivered by Gautama Buddha?

A)  Kushinagar      B) Vaishali     C)  Bodh Gaya       D)  Sarnath

11. Aryasatya’ enunciated by Buddha has

A)  3 Truth      B) 4 Truth     C) 5 Truth     D) 6 Truth

12. Why is Saani famous?

(A) Temple built by cutting a rock

(B) The largest Buddhist stupa

(C) Cave Painting

(D) Ashoka inscriptions

13. Which Kshatriya tribe was born Mahavira?

(A) Shakya   (B) Jatric     (C) Salas      (D) Lichhavi

14. ‘Buddha’ means –

A) Enlighten one B) Religious Preacher C) The genius D) The Powerful

15. The Third Buddhist Council was patronised by :

(A) Kanishka (B) Ashoka  (C) Mahakashyap Upali (D) Sabakarni

Answer

1-d, 2-b, 3-b, 4-a, 5-d, 6-a, 7-b, 8-a, 9- a, 10.- b,  11 – b, 12- b, 13- b, 14  – a. 15. -b.

JAINISM

• Jains believe that animals and plants, as well as human beings, contain living souls. Each of these souls is considered of equal value and should be treated with respect and compassion.
• Jains are strict vegetarians and live in a way that minimizes their use of the world’s resources.
• Jains believe in reincarnation and seek to attain ultimate liberation – which means escaping the continuous cycle of birth, death and rebirth so that the immortal soul lives for ever in a state of bliss.
• Liberation is achieved by eliminating all karma from the soul.
• Jainism is a religion of self-help.
• There are no gods or spiritual beings that will help human beings.
• The three guiding principles of Jainism, the ‘three jewels’, are right belief, right knowledge and right conduct.
• The supreme principle of Jain living is non violence (ahimsa).
• This is one of the 5 mahavratas (the 5 great vows). The other mahavratas are non-attachment to possessions, not lying, not stealing, and sexual restraint (with celibacy as the ideal).
• Mahavira is regarded as the man who gave Jainism its present-day form.
• The texts containing the teachings of Mahavira are called the Agamas.
• Jains are divided into two major sects; the Digambara (meaning “sky clad”) sect and the Svetambara (meaning “white clad”) sect.
• Jainism has no priests. Its professional religious people are monks and nuns, who lead strict and ascetic lives.

Spread of Jainism

Mahavira organised the Sangha to spread his teachings. He admitted both men and women in the Sangha, which consisted of both monks and lay followers. The rapid spread of Jainism was due to the dedicated work of the members of the Sangha. It spread rapidly in Western India and Karnataka. Chandragupta Maurya, Kharavela of Kalinga and the royal dynasties of south India such as the Gangas, the Kadambas, the Chalukyas and the Rashtrakutas patronized Jainism.

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